Abstract Background & Objectives: Jaundice is the most common abnormal physical findings during the first week of life in neonates that is very important because of it are severing complications such as kernicterus. Detection of prenatal complications causing neonatal jaundice may help early diagnosis and treatment of jaundice. Thus may decrease its complications. This study was done to detect prenatal complications that can cause Jaundice. Subjects & Methods: 140 newborns who had jaundice and were hospitalized in Ghaem hospital in 2010 were entered in this study. Jaundice was confirmed clinically by a pediatrician and by a laboratory test. Maternal demographic data and prenatal complication were assessed by a questionnaire. All data were analyzed by using SPSS 11.5 with frequency, t-test, one-way ANOVAs, chi-square and correlation. Results: 63% of neonates were male and born at term (90%) with normal weight. The most common of prenatal complication were hypertension, diabetes and preeclampsia. A significant statistical relation was evident between jaundice and sex, jaundice gestational age and T4 level in neonates. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that male sex, gestational age, hypertension, diabetes and preeclampsia are associated with neonatal jaundice.