Journal of North Khorasan

Abstract Background & Objectives: Growing Antibiotic resistance is rapidly increasing in both developed and developing countries. Diarrheal disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children that treats with antibiotics. This study was conducted to evaluate correct prescription of antibiotics in children less than 5 years old in hospitalized for diarrhea with at Imam Reza hospital in Bojnord 1389. Methods & Materials: A total of 292 children, aged less than 5 years old with diarrhea were recruited in this one group cross-sectional study. Sampling design was non-random, purposeful sampling. The clinical history, socio-demographic characteristics, physical examination findings and laboratory finding were recorded in tree questionnaires. All data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVAs, chi-square and correlation using SPSS 11. Results: 53% children were male. 73% patients had vomiting and fever.42% had abdominal pain and 24% had dehydration. Antibiotics were prescript for 79% of patients70 % prescribed on antibiotics was incorrect. There was a significant relation between negative stool exam and misuse of antibiotics (P <.05). Kapa agreement coefficient was 0.125 that means invert relation. Conclusion: prescription of antibiotics must be according stool culture and diagnostic tests. Most attention should be payed to common viral diarrhea in hospitalized children to prevent antibiotics resistance.