Journal of North Khorasan

Introduction:     Although antifertility and different aspects of Abrus precatorius  seed have been

I studied but  duration of antifertility  effect and its relevance with  "day of administration" after matting is not clear.

Materials  and  Methods:  To clarify this,  10 mg/mice etheric extract of A. precatorius  seed was injected I.P. 1st-5th day after matting.

Results: In mice, the injection of extract at 1st, 2nd, 4th and 5th day of matting showed antifertility effect in the first reproductive cycle. The secondary day administration of the seed extract was ffective for two reproductive cycles.

Conclusion: The antifertility mechanism of seed extract on different days is not the same and may included anti-implantation (4th and 5th day of matting), oxytocic (4th and 5th day of matting)

and rapid passage of ovule from oviduct (1st and 2nd day of matting).

Abstract Background & Objectives: chest pain control is one of the most important components of guidelines for acute myocardial infarction. An analgesic effect of glucose, insulin potassium solution has been suggested in a few studies. Hence this study was performed to evaluate the effect of this solution on the intensity of chest pain in patients with myocardial infarction. Materials & Methods: This randomized clinical trial enrolled 72 patients who had myocardial infarction that was treated with 25% glucose, 50 unit of soluble insulin per liter, and 80 mille mol of potassium chloride per liter at 1 ml/kg/hour (case group) or normal saline (control group) as adjunct to thrombolytic therapy. We evaluated pain intensity at baseline, after receiving thrombolytic therapy and 1 hour later, in both groups by a Numeric Rating Scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 15. Variables were compared using independent t tests and repeated measure ANOVA or chi-square test. Results: In both groups pain intensity after receiving streptokinase and an hour later dropped, but there was no significant differences between two groups (P = 0.121). Difference between intravenous drug consumption in the two groups was not significant (P = 0.93). Conclusion: The administration of potassium, glucose, insulin has no effect on chest pain in patients with myocardial infarction.

Abstract Background & Objectives: The traditional use of herbal medicine has increased significantly in these recent years. People are looking for less charge, healthier and safer products. It is obvious that the chemical antibacterial products are creating more bacterial resistant day by day, on the other hand herbal less side effects of antioxidant agents have been proven. Therefore, the first studies on the therapeutic properties of the fruits and leaves extracts obtained from Diospyros wallichii King& Gamble are reported. Material and Methods: In the present research the hexane, chloroform and ethanol extracts of Diospyros wallichii (fruits and leaves) are screened for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Antibacterial activity was determined against Bacillus cereus ATCC10876, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC11632, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC10145 and Escherichia coli ATCC10536 using the disk diffusion method. Moreover, the DPPH radical scavenging test was performed to evaluate the antioxidant properties of the fractions. In order to compare the results the phytochemical assay was done. Results: the results showed hexane and chloroform extracts of the fruit, have high amounts poly-phenols. These two fractions were active against both Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. The chloroform extract of fruits had the highest free radical scavenging activity. Conclusion: The results obtained suggest that Diospyros wallichii King& Gamble could be used in the development of therapeutic medicines and health care products. In addition to, it was concluded that the poly-phenols, exclusively Naphthoquinones, play crucial roles in the properties of this plant.

Abstract Background & Objectives: Breastfeeding is an important principle in pediatric health. It decreases their mortality and protect them fromm diseases in the first 6-month of life. This study aimed to determined Maternal Knowledge and practice in Mashhad City about Breast-feeding in first 6 -month of Infant's life. Material and Methods: This Analytic study was conducted on 105 mothers who had a child between 6 to 12 months,and selected by the cluster sampling and simple random, completed the Knowledge and Practic questionnaire who was made by researchers. Information were analyzed by descriptive- analytical test (ANOWA,T-test,corelation) in spss software in version11.5. Results: This findings showed that 72/4% of infants have had exclusive until end of the first 6-month. breast-feeding. Average of maternal knowledge about exclusive breast-feeding was 19/818+4/545 of total score 28 and average of maternal practice was 7/106+2/338 of total score 12. Status of growth infants at 4/8% was very good and in 42/9% was good. There was a significant relationship between maternal practice about Breast-feeding and fathers' education, number of children, status of growth (p<0.05(. There was a significant relationship between maternal knowledge about Breast-feeding and area who lived there(p<0.05) and also there was a direct and positive correlation between maternal knowledg and practice (p=0.000, r=0.212). There was a significant relationship and reverse between maternal practice and age of mothers (p = 0.007 , r = -0.266). Conclusion: Maternal Knowledge and practice about breast-feeding infants is moderate. Planning is essential to target groups to promote breastfeeding in the first 6- month of infant's life.

Abstract Background & Objectives: An approximately one third of pregnancies are unwanted, and half of them will lead to abortion. The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of unwanted pregnancies and its related factors in women at Mashhad city. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 100 mothers who referred to health centers of Mashhad, and they were selected with cluster randomization . Data was collected by valid and reliable questionnaire.Results were analyzed in spss11/5. Results: The prevalence of unwanted pregnancy was estimated to be 29/5 percent and 28.3 of this women with unwanted prognancy had a tendency to abortion. The cause of unplanned pregnancy at 48/4% was Sufficient number of children and 29% was inappropriate. There was a significant relationship between unwanted pregnancy whit educational level of the couples, so that the incidence of unwanted pregnancy in women and their husbans who had university education was higher than at other women (P <0.05). There was a significant relationship between unwanted pregnancy whit occupation’s mother, age and number of children,so that prevalence of unwanted pregnancy in working mothers with higher than 35 years and had 3 or more children was higher than the other women(P <0.05). Conclusion: Prevalence of unwanted pregnancies was one-third of all pregnancies. These results showed that extending of the education programs about contraceptive methods and disadvantages of unwanted pregnancy especially for working women with higher education level and older age is necessary

Abstract Background & Objectives: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a common autosomal recessive disorder, resulting from lack of activity in one of the five enzymes which produce cortisol from cholesterol. Treatment of these patients is very difficult and overtreatment or under treatment of them both influence on their growth pattern. Accordingly, we evaluated the growth pattern of these patients during one year. Methods and Materials: We studied 50 patients whom visited in endocrinology department of Imam Reza hospitial, Mashhad, Iran, during one year. We measured height rate, weight rate, and upper segment to lower segment index, body mass index and 17-Hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) levels regularly. Results: The results showed that with increasing levels of 17-hydroxyprogesterone, the height growth rate of the patients also increases (P<0.05(. In patients with salt-wasting group, there was a potential of height reduction and height standard deviation with advancing of age comparing with other groups (P<0.05(. The average age of the 11-Hydroxilase deficiency patients was higher than the other groups. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between the age at diagnosis and the age that patients were visited regularly. Therefore the specific etiology and appropriate treatment are the main predictors of growth pattern at these patients, and it also requires using all necessary facilities for regular care of these patients, in order to optimally control the disease is felt.