Journal of North Khorasan

Abstract Background & objectives: Visceral leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease in children under the age of 10 years that occurs in endemic form in Africa, Asia and Europe and South America. The disease agent transteres by sand fly from caneies to human. In Iran the Leishmania infantum occures in endemic form in provinces of Ardebil, Fars, East Azerbaijan, Bushehr. North Khorasan Province is among the new centers having been reported with cases of the disease in humans and domesticated dogs. This study was conducted to identify species of sand flies, which are involved in disease transmission in this region and consequently to take preventive measures through epidemiological and entomological planning. Materials & Methods: This study was a descriptive study, which was done by random sampling method. During a cross-sectional study in the summer of 2007, after every 15 days in selected villages in cities of Bojnourd and Maneh va samalghan sand flies catching was performed by three methods of sticky traps, Hand catch (aspirator) and Bed net trap with animal bait category (dogs). Sand flies caught in the laboratory were identified after a permanent Monte Diagnosis based on Iranian sand flies key identification. Results: A total of 999 sand flies were caught from the inside or out of cities of Bojnourd and Maneh va samalghan, that P.papatasi (%94) and P.sergenti (%6), were from the city and Phlebotmus.papatasi (%52.8), Sergentomyia.sintoni (%20.1), P.kandelakii (%6.1), S.pawlowski (%6.8), S.dentata(%4.2) , P.sergenti (%1.9) , S.palestinensis (%1) , P.mongelensis (%0.6) , S.clydei (%1.3) , S.christophersi (%0.3), P.perfiliewi (%3.9), S.sumbarica (%0.3), P.alexandrei (%0.6), were caught from out of cities. Conclusion: Among the species caught, P.kandelakii known as causing visceral leishmaniasis was caught with moderate abundance.

Abstract Background & Objectives: Given the importance of aquatic arthropods as vector in medical and bioindicator in life sciences and information on the composition of such animals , this study was conducted during 2010 in the city of Kashan. Material & Methods: Descriptive study and sampling at 13 locations and over 39 times in 2303 on the number of larvae, nymphs, Pupa and adults were collected from Lentic and Lotic waters. The collected Samples were transferred to the laboratory and identified by using a stereo microscope and morphological keys. Results:Total 2303 samples over 39 times the sampling of the class insecta 1724 (74.8%) crustaceans, with 579 samples (25.2%),were collected . from insect: Order Diptera, with 1,287 cases (55.8%), Order Trichoptera with 158 samples (6.9%), Order Ephemeroptera 153 samples (6.7%), Order Odonata with 61 samples (2.6%), Order Heteroptera with 26 samples (1.1%), Order Coleoptera with 26 samples (1.1%), Order Plecoptera with 13 sample (0.6) were identified. From Crustacea Class , Amphipoda 414 samples (18%) from Lotic water, Ostracoda 139 samples (6.1%), Copepoda 26 samples (1.1%), from the Lentic waters was collected. Conclusion: For the first time , from Crustacea class ,subclass of Ostracoda and from Diptera order , Ceratopogonidae ,Eryphidae , Dixidae families were reported in Kashan. Therefore it can be concluded that the aquatic arthropods Fauna are very rich in Kasha..