Showing 14 results for Theory
M S Yekaninejad , A Akaberi , A Pakpour ,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (12-2012)
Abstract
Abstract Background & objective: Physical inactivity is prevalent among adolescents around the worlds. This study tested the ability of the theory of planned behavior )TPB( to predict Physical Activity )PA( among adolescents in a 4-weeks longitudinal study. Materials & Methods: 623 adolescents were randomly selected from eight high schools in Qazvin. TPB measures, and a revised International Physical Activity Questionnaire were measured at baseline and 1-month follow-up. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted regressing Physical Activity at Time 2 onto TPB. Results: the mean age of the adolescents was 15.5 years and the most of them were girls( 51.2 %(. Past behavior accounted for a significant 57% of the variance in Physical Activity in Step 1of analysis. In Step 2, TPB accounted for an additional 7% with attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavior control as a significant predictor. The analysis resulted in a significant amount of incremental variance accounted for by the intention ( Step 3(. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated the theory of planned behavior successfully predicted the most of physical activity's variance among adolescents. Our results suggest that theory-based interventions should be based on the TPB with a targeting on PBC
I Mohammadi Zeidi , A Akaberi , A Pakpour H,
Volume 4, Issue 5 (3-2013)
Abstract
Abstract Background and objective: Herbal medicine is one of the most widely used complementary and alternative medicine used around the world. The most effective training programs are based on theory-driven approaches that are rooted behavior change model. Among behavior change model, the effectiveness of the theory of planned behavior has been documented in previous studies. The aim of the study was to find out factors associated with herbal medicine using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) among women in Qazvin. Material & Methods: in the cross sectional study, 792 women were selected based on clustered sampling and voluntary participation from Qazvin, Iran, in 2011-2012. Following individual interviewing, data were gathered using a self administrated questionnaire include demographic characteristics (4 items), knowledge (5 items), attitude (7 items), subjective norms (3 items), perceived behavior control (5 items), intention (3 items) and behavior (1 item). Finally, data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 and presented with Pearson and regression testes. Results: the mean age of women were 29.34 ± 8.99 and 92.05% of them were married and 78.9% of participants were housekeeper. There were medium to high correlations coefficients between the TPB’s constructs. Knowledge (β = 0.195, P< 0.01), attitude (β = 0.227, P< 0.01), subjective norms (β = 0.071, P< 0.05), perceived behavior control (β = 0.422, P< 0.01) and intention (β = 0.138, P< 0.01) were the main predictors of the herbal medicine usage among women. In general, TPB constructs were able to predict 57% of variance for herbal medicine usage among women. Conclusion: The results indicated that herbal medicine usage mainly can be predicted by PBC and attitude respectively. In spite of the importance of two variables, all of the TPB constructs should be considered for designing interventions toward forming conscious herbal medicine usage in the society.
H Rohani , Aa Eslami , M Raei , H Tavakoli Ghouchani , A Afshari ,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-2014)
Abstract
Abstract Background & Objectives: Moderate changes in diet have been shown to prevent or delay complications of type 2 diabetes. Understanding beliefs about healthful eating among persons at risk for diabetes may help to develop interventions to change these beliefs as a mechanism for changing dietary behaviors in this population. Therefore objective of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) scales for healthful eating for persons with diabetes. Material & Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in Semirom diabetes clinic, using a self-administered questionnaire. Participants were 142 adults who had not complications of diabetes. Variables measured were attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention to eat a healthful diet. Construct validity was assessed with factor analyses. Reliability of the scales was assessed with Cronbach alpha and a 2-month test-retest. Results: Factor analysis loadings were greater than 0.4. Cronbach alphas for attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention were .92, .91, .91 and .90, respectively. Factor analysis revealed that the constructs fit well for predicting intention to eat a healthful diet. Test-retest revealed 2-month stability of the scales. Conclusions: Questionnaire for measuring TPB constructs attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control were valid and reliable for use with adults with diabetes.
H Ebrahimipour , M Mohamadzadeh, Sh Niknami, H Ismaili , A Vafaii Najjar,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (3-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The relationship between oral diseases and adverse outcomes of pregnancy demands more attention to oral hygiene for pregnant women. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of educational programs based on the theory of planned behavior to improving the oral health behavior of pregnant women attending urban health facilities Ashkhaneh city in 2013. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out on 150 pregnant women, selected with simple sampling.( 75 females of each site). Data were collected using a researcher desingend questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated. Data was analyzed by SPSS18 software at significance level of 0.05. Results: The most frequent samples aged between 21-25 years old. Before the intervention, the mean score of knowledge, attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, behavioral intention and performance of the intervention and control groups showed no significant difference (p>0/05). After the intervention, the average of all the scores in the intervention group showed an increase except for subjective constructions after training (p<0/05). This difference was not significant in the control group (p> 0/05). Conclusion: Using the theory of planned behavior improves oral health in the pregnant women.
H Ebrahimipour , M Mohamadzadeh, Sh Niknami, H Ismaili , A Vafaii Najjar,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The relationship between oral diseases and adverse outcomes of pregnancy demands more attention to oral hygiene for pregnant women. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of educational programs based on the theory of planned behavior to improving the oral health behavior of pregnant women attending urban health facilities Ashkhaneh city in 2013. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out on 150 pregnant women, selected with simple sampling.( 75 females of each site). Data were collected using a researcher desingend questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated. Data was analyzed by SPSS18 software at significance level of 0.05. Results: The most frequent samples aged between 21-25 years old. Before the intervention, the mean score of knowledge, attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, behavioral intention and performance of the intervention and control groups showed no significant difference (p>0/05). After the intervention, the average of all the scores in the intervention group showed an increase except for subjective constructions after training (p<0/05). This difference was not significant in the control group (p> 0/05). Conclusion: Using the theory of planned behavior improves oral health in the pregnant women.
Sara Jorkesh, Rasool Nazari,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Abstract
Introduction: New considerations have been appeared because the number of elderlies has been increased. Since the disabilities of elderly period are become more prevalent as the age increases, in this situation the role of sport becomes more prominent for keeping the elderlies healthy and improving their social joy. Present study has been done in order to advance the elderly sport in Iran.
Methods: This study has been done by the systematic grounded theory. These people are scholars and specialists in sport sciences, psychologists, social workers, sociologists, nurses, the managers of sanity offices, the Welfare Organization and the social council of municipality. The purposeful and theoretical sampling were selected for semi-structured interviews. Interviews continued until theoretical saturation. Data simultaneously collected data were analyzed using Strauss & Corbin. Data validation criteria recommended by Lincoln & Guba was confirmed.
Results: The results show that 276 basic conceptual statements with 11 primary categories and 50 secondary categories in paradigm model form were identified. The paradigm model includes: causal conditions (3 category), central phenomena (7 categories), action strategy (2 categories), context (2 categories), intervening conditions (2 categories), and consequence (1 category).
Conclusions: The integration of categories based on the interrelations between them about the elderly sport in Iran forms the paradigmatic model which this model reflects the model of involved managers in the elderly issues.
Zainab Aghdasi , Nooshin Peyman ,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (2-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) emerges in the new millennium as a major public health challenge. Currently, the HIV epidemic is spreading rapidly among young people. It is essential for students to provide the necessary information because they are valuable resources for the future of a country. This study was conducted to determine the impact of on applying HIV prevention behaviors in girl students in Torbat Heydariyeh.
Methods: It was a semi-experimental study that was conducted on 90 girl students. The instruments included questions related to demographic characteristics and the structures of theory of planned behavior in field of HIV. Educational intervention was conducted with emphasis on the above mentioned theory. Data were collected before, immediately and three months after training and was analyzed by chi-square, independent t-test and paired t-test, ANOVA and Repeated measures using SPSS-PC (v. 20.0).
Results: The mean age of the students was 15/6 ± 0/46 years. There was also no difference between the groups regarding cognitive variables (attitude, intention, and subjective norm, perceived behavior control) before the intervention. The students in the experimental group reported higher scores for the cognitive variables compared with the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: The findings revealed that training based on the new approach of HIV education based on TPB is an effective intervention in promoting HIV prevention behaviors in students
Mahin Osmani-Roudi, Mohammad Vahedian-Shahroodi, Habibollah Esmaily, Mahdi Gholian-Aval,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (2-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: The high prevalence of childhood dental caries is one of the most common dental problems and mother’s participation in oral health programs can decrease the caries rate. Undoubtedly, one of the applicable strategies is health education and one of the most effective training models is the Planned Behavior Theory. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify influential factors that predict mother's health behaviors about their children’s oral health based on the Planned Behavior Theory in Khaf city in 2019.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed by 200 mothers with children under three who were randomly selected from the mothers referred to Khaf Health Centers. Data collection was conducted through a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. The questionnaire included demographic information, knowledge questions and Planned Behavior Theory structures. Data were analyzed by SPSS20 using descriptive statistics, regression and Pearson correlation coefficient at a significant level of 0.05.
Results: Our results showed that mothers' average score for knowledge was 17.55 ± 5.75, for attitude, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention was 42.49 ± 4.61and 17.40 ± 2.89 and 47.3 ± 9.43 respectively. The mothers' average score of subjective norms was 32.66±4.80 and average score of behavior was 24.86± 8.76. Based on the results of the linear regression test, predictors of health behavior include behavioral intent (β = 0.198, P = 0.002), and subjective norms (Β = 0.432, P < 0.001), and predicted 28.8% of behavior variance. Structures of attitude (Β = 0.199, P = 0.003) and subjective norms (Β = 0.287, P < 0.001) explained 13.8% of behavioral
intention variance.
Conclusions: Planned Behavior Theory can predict a part of oral health behaviors. The results of this study showed the application of this theory with emphasis on promoting abstract norms and the intention to perform behavior in educational interventions have effective results.
Iraj Biglary, Hasan Fahim Devin, Mohammad Reza Esmaeilzadeh Ghandehari, Hossein Peymanizad,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to identify the precursors, strategies and consequences of a healthy lifestyle with emphasis on sports activity of the elderly based on data theory.
Methods: The present study is applied research in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of data search and based on data theory and in terms of data analysis method is exploratory in which data collection is field Done. The statistical population of the study included all scientific and experimental experts with research and work experience in the field of the elderly. The statistical sample was selected as a snowball, which ultimately led to the theoretical saturation of the data with 15 interviews, which was considered as the final sample. Data collection was done through semi-structured and exploratory interviews with experts. Foundation data analysis method (Strauss and Corbin) was used for data analysis.
Results: The findings showed that the concepts obtained from coding signs in the category of predecessors include 14 items in three categories of concepts of personal, organizational and socio-cultural factors, in the category of strategies including 14 items in two categories of hardware and software strategies. Concepts about future consequences including 18 cases were divided into three categories of individual, social and organizational consequences.
Conclusions: The country’s sports managers can use the obtained model to institutionalize a healthy lifestyle with emphasis on sports activities for the elderly
Effat Ghased Qale Bala, Elham Charoghchian Khorasani, Vahid Ghavami, Mohammad Tajfard, Mohammad Vahedian Shahroudi, Mahdi Gholian Aval,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (3-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Although cesarean section has saved the lives of countless mothers and infants, in many cases, medical necessities do not lead to cesarean delivery, but misbehavior has led to cesarean delivery. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of education based on the theory of planned behavior in choosing the type of delivery in pregnant women referred to the Mashhad Comprehensive Health Service Center in 2020.
Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study that was performed on 96 pregnant women who were in the third trimester of pregnancy. Data collection tools included demographic information questionnaire and delivery type selection questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior. The educational intervention was carried out in the framework of the theory of planned behavior in the experimental group. Data were collected at three time points before, immediately and three months after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 23 software and statistical tests of Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, Friedman and t-test.
Results: The mean age of pregnant women participating in this study was 29.05 ± 1.6. There was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups before the intervention in terms of attitude, intention, abstract norm and perceived behavioral control (P > 0.001). But after the educational intervention, in all these variables except the behavioral intention in the experimental group increased significantly (P < 0.001). The rate of normal delivery was 37% in the control group and 63% in the experimental group, so there was a statistically significant difference between the control and experimental groups in the behavior of choosing the type of delivery (P = 0.01).
Conclusions: Education based on the theory of planned behavior is an effective intervention in choosing the type of delivery in pregnant women.
Iraj Biglary, Hasan Fahim Devin, Mohammad Reza Esmaeilzadeh Ghandehari, Hossein Peymanizad,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of the current research was to explain the healthy lifestyle with an emphasis on the sports activities of the elderly in the country based on the data theory of the foundation.
Method: The current study is a prospective qualitative applied study based on the foundational data theory, and in terms of data analysis method of analytical-exploratory type and data collection was done in the field. The statistical population of the research included all scientific and experimental experts with a history of research and work in the field of the elderly. The statistical sample was selected as a snowball in 2019, which finally led to the theoretical saturation of the data by interviewing 15 people, which was the final sample considered. Data collection was done through semi-structured and exploratory interviews with experts. To analyze the data, the foundational data theory analysis method (Strauss and Corbin) was used.
Results: The findings showed that the concepts obtained from the coding of symptoms were divided into the main categories, causal conditions, background conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences of a healthy lifestyle with an emphasis on sports activities of the elderly in the country.
Conclusion: Sports managers of the country can use the obtained model to institutionalize a healthy lifestyle by emphasizing the sports activities of the elderly.
Elham Farjam, Elham Charoghchian Khorasani, Somayeh Ebrahimi, Sara Sadeghi, Monavar Afzalaghaee, Nooshin Peyman,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (8-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of interventions based on models and theories of health education and promotion in preventing substance abuse in adolescents.
Method: A detailed search was performed in Magiran, SID, Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, and Google Scholar databases using related keywords to extract all studies published in this field with the time limit of January 1, 2011 to December 21, 2021. After screening the studies, 11 articles that met the inclusion criteria were examined.
Results: In this research, there were 7 semi-experimental studies, 3 clinical trials, and 1 unclear study, which were conducted on first- and second-grade high school students. Educational interventions were conducted in 6 articles based on the theory of planned behavior, 2 articles based on the health belief model, 1 article based on the developed theory of rational action, 1 article based on the trans theoretical model, and 1 article based on the family interaction theory.
Conclusion: The results showed that the use of different models/theories could have a positive effect on preventing substance abuse and subsequently performing health behaviors. Based on the findings, the structure of attitude and self-efficacy were introduced as the most important and strongest variables in most studies and played a crucial role in preventing substance abuse and health behavior in students
Hamid Tavakkoli Ghouchani, Seyed Kaveh Hojjat, Alireza Afshari-Safavi, Faezeh Kaviyani, Fatemeh Shayanfar,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Considering the high prevalence of drug use in Iran and the need to pay attention to this issue in educational environments, it is important to identify the underlying factors to plan preventive measures. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the intention of drug abuse in students of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences.
Method: The current cross-sectional study was conducted using a descriptive-analytical design. The statistical population consisted of students of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences in 2022. The samples (n=237) were selected using a stratified sampling method. The tool for collecting information was the questionnaire of Mirzaei et al., whose validity and reliability were already confirmed. Data analysis was done in SPSS24 software and by Chi-square, independent t, Mann-Whitney, and logistic regression models.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 23.75±3.86 (19-45) years. The history of smoking, alcohol use, and opium use was 28.3%, 23.6%, and 8%, respectively. Besides, 25.8% of the participants had a history of using other substances, including hashish, crack, heroin, ecstasy, amphetamine, and LSD. Based on the results of this study, the relationship between behavioral intention and attitude, abstract norms, and perceived behavioral control was statistically significant )P<0.05). Moreover, a significant relationship was observed between drug use and male gender, smoking, and having friends using drugs.
Conclusion: Considering that attitude was a stronger predictor of behavioral intention, it seems that the implementation of appropriate educational programs can be an effective measure to raise students’ awareness in this regard.
Mahin Moravejjifar, Maryam Nasrabadi, Mansooreh Khandehroo, Reza Hassannia, Nooshin Peyman,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (9-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Understanding behavioral factors affecting vaccine acceptance using health-oriented models/theories as a practical and structured model helps to design appropriate interventions for better disease management. It provides a better understanding of the application and capacity of models and theories in the prediction of behavioral intention. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess studies based on health-oriented model/theories in predicting the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in a systematic way.
Method: In this systematic review study, the keywords related to the aims of the study were searched in databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, without a time limit and until February 2022, based on the PRISMA statement. To prevent bias, two researchers independently performed a search and screening.
Results: Finally, 32 articles that met the inclusion criteria were examined. The predictability of the models varied from 39%-76%, and this was not reported in some studies. The most widely used models, respectively, were the health belief model and the theory of planned behavior, which were used alone or in combination in some studies. In a study comparing these two models, the theory of planned behavior was more predictive.
Conclusion: Health-oriented models/theories, especially the health belief model and the theory of planned behavior, have been able to play a critical role in predicting willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 in different populations. Therefore, it is necessary to use a suitable and efficient strategy to develop the structures of these models or combine them with other patterns and models
