Volume 18, Issue 1 (Spring 2026)
2026, 18(1): 78-90 |
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Ethics code: IR.IAU.KHSH.REC.1402.101
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Rahimi M, Latifi Z, Ghamarani A, Dehghani A, Dehghani A. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approaches. North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences 2026; 18 (1) :78-90
URL: http://journal.nkums.ac.ir/article-1-3353-en.html
URL: http://journal.nkums.ac.ir/article-1-3353-en.html
1- Ph.D. Student in Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
2- Department of Psychology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran ,z_yalatif@pnu.ac.ir
3- Assistant Professor of Traditional Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
4- Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
5- Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Psychology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran ,
3- Assistant Professor of Traditional Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
4- Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
5- Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (43 Views)
Introduction: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of combining lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy with pharmacotherapy alone on the behavioral problems of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) who also have sleep problems.
Methods: The present study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach. In the qualitative phase, a lifestyle intervention package was designed based on the six principles of the Iranian traditional medicine. In the quantitative phase, 60 children aged 7 to 11 with ADHD and sleep problems were selected using purposive sampling. The diagnosis was confirmed through a clinical interview based on DSM-5 and the SNAP-IV scale. The research tools included the SNAP-IV, the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and the Rutter Behavioral Problems Questionnaire. Participants were divided into three groups (20 cases per group): (1) combined lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy, (2) pharmacotherapy alone, and (3) a control group with no intervention. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni's post-hoc test.
Results: The results showed that the combined intervention was significantly more effective in reducing behavioral problems than pharmacotherapy alone and the control group (F=17/323, df=3/224, P<0/05). Additionally, significant changes in behavioral problems were observed over time (pre-test, post-test, and follow-up) (F=42/925, df=1/612, P<0/05). Pharmacotherapy alone also led to a significant increase in daily behavioral problems, compared to the control group (P<0.05). Given that our sample children had sleep problems in addition to ADHD, this increase appears to be due to the exacerbation of sleep problems caused by methylphenidate use and its subsequent impact on daily behavior.
Conclusions: The combination of lifestyle modification with pharmacotherapy has a higher effectiveness in reducing behavioral problems in children with ADHD and sleep problems, compared to pharmacotherapy alone, and can be considered a complementary therapeutic approach.
Methods: The present study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach. In the qualitative phase, a lifestyle intervention package was designed based on the six principles of the Iranian traditional medicine. In the quantitative phase, 60 children aged 7 to 11 with ADHD and sleep problems were selected using purposive sampling. The diagnosis was confirmed through a clinical interview based on DSM-5 and the SNAP-IV scale. The research tools included the SNAP-IV, the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and the Rutter Behavioral Problems Questionnaire. Participants were divided into three groups (20 cases per group): (1) combined lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy, (2) pharmacotherapy alone, and (3) a control group with no intervention. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni's post-hoc test.
Results: The results showed that the combined intervention was significantly more effective in reducing behavioral problems than pharmacotherapy alone and the control group (F=17/323, df=3/224, P<0/05). Additionally, significant changes in behavioral problems were observed over time (pre-test, post-test, and follow-up) (F=42/925, df=1/612, P<0/05). Pharmacotherapy alone also led to a significant increase in daily behavioral problems, compared to the control group (P<0.05). Given that our sample children had sleep problems in addition to ADHD, this increase appears to be due to the exacerbation of sleep problems caused by methylphenidate use and its subsequent impact on daily behavior.
Conclusions: The combination of lifestyle modification with pharmacotherapy has a higher effectiveness in reducing behavioral problems in children with ADHD and sleep problems, compared to pharmacotherapy alone, and can be considered a complementary therapeutic approach.
Type of Study: Orginal Research |
Subject:
Basic Sciences
Received: 2025/05/26 | Accepted: 2025/08/30 | Published: 2026/03/29
Received: 2025/05/26 | Accepted: 2025/08/30 | Published: 2026/03/29
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